Form 1809 National Traffic Safety Survey - Modules 2 & 4

National Traffic Safety Survey

T hank you for participating in the National Traffic Safety Survey. The survey will take about 30 minutes. Participation in this survey is voluntary.

START HERE

SCR1. Are you the adult (18 years old or older) in your household with the next upcoming birthday? Using the next birthday is a method of random selection and is important to make sure that the experiences of all types of people are represented.

1 Yes → Please continue

2 No → Please ask the adult in your household with the next birthday to complete this survey

Paperwork Reduction Act Burden Statement: Under the Paperwork Reduction Act, a federal agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to respond to, a collection of information subject to the requirements of the Paperwork Reduction Act unless that collection of information displays a current valid 0MB Control Number. The 0MB Control Number for this information collection is 2127-XXXX. The average amount of time to complete this survey is 30 minutes. The purpose of the survey is to collect information about road user attitudes and behaviors related to motor vehicle safety that will be used to inform the development of appropriate traffic safety countermeasures. All responses to this collection of information are voluntary. If you have comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, send them to: Information Collection Clearance Officer, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, 1200 New Jersey Ave. SE, Washington, DC 20590.

NHTSA Form 1809

OMB Number XXX-XXXX

Expiration Date X/XX/XXXX

The next few questions ask about your general driving experiences. For these questions, a motorcycle counts as a motor vehicle, but electric bikes or scooters do not.

C1. Thinking about the past 12 months, how often do you usually drive a car, motorcycle, or other motor vehicle?

1 Every day, or almost every day

→ Go to question C2

2 Several days a week

3 About once a week

4 Once or twice a month

5 Up to a few times a year

6 I have not driven in the past 12 months

→ Skip to question C22

C1a. Have you ever driven before?

1 Yes

2 No

C2. When driving a motor vehicle, how often do you wear your seat belt?

1 All trips

2 Most trips

3 About half my trips

4 Fewer than half my trips

5 None of my trips

C3. Which of the following statements best describes your driving?

1 I tend to pass other cars more often than other cars pass me

2 Other cars tend to pass me more often than I pass them

3 Both about equally

C4. In the past 30 days, have you driven a motor vehicle with other adult passengers in the vehicle?

1 Yes, I have driven adults in the front passenger seat

2 Yes, I have driven adults in a back seat

3 Yes, I have driven adults both in the front passenger seat and in a back seat

4 No, I have not driven adult passengers in the past 30 days

C5. In the past 30 days, have you driven a motor vehicle with children aged 12 or younger in the vehicle?

1 Yes, in the front passenger seat

2 Yes, in a back seat

3 Yes, both in the front passenger seat and in a back seat

4 No, I have not driven children aged 12 or younger in the past 30 days → Go to question C6

C5a. When you are driving and children aged 12 or younger are riding with you, are they typically in a car seat, booster seat, seat belt, or do they ride without a seat belt? You may select more than one if answering about multiple children. Select all that apply.

1 Rear-facing car seat

2 Forward-facing car seat

3 Booster seat

4 Seat belt

5 Without a seat belt

C6. Not including driving to and from work, have you driven a vehicle as part of a job or business in the past 12 months?

1 Yes

2 No → Go to question C7

C6a. How often have you driven a vehicle as part of a job or business?

1 Every day, or almost every day

2 Several days a week

3 About once a week

4 Once or twice a month

5 Up to a few times a year

C6b. Are you more likely, less likely, or just as likely to wear your seat belt when driving on the job as compared to when driving for personal use?

1 More likely

2 Less likely

3 Just as likely

C7. In the past 12 months, how often have you driven a motor vehicle at night, after 9 pm?

1 Every day, or almost every day

2 Several days a week

3 About once a week

4 Once or twice a month

5 Up to a few times a year

6 Never in the past 12 months

C8. When was the last time you did not wear your seat belt at any point while driving?

1 Today

2 Within the past week

3 Within the past month

4 Within the past 12 months

5 A year or more ago

6 Never

C9. When driving I tend to…

1 Stay with slower moving traffic

2 Keep up with the faster traffic

3 Both about equally

The next few questions ask about activities you might do while driving. When we say while driving, please include any times that you are seated in the driver’s seat (behind the wheel of your vehicle) if it is not in Park. For example, while driving means both when the vehicle is moving and during times like stopped at a stop sign or red light.

C10. How often do you talk on the phone while driving?

For this question, consider all methods of talking on the phone, including holding the device to your ear, using speakerphone, or using any type of hands-free calling, such as a headset or in-vehicle system or app.

1 All trips

2 Most trips

3 About half my trips

4 Fewer than half my trips

5 None of my trips

6 I don't have a cell phone

C11. How often do you send texts, e-mails, or other messages while driving?

For this question, consider all methods of sending messages, including typing directly on the device or screen, using speech-to-text while holding the device, or using any type of hands-free voice commands, such as with a headset or in-vehicle system or app.

1 All trips

2 Most trips

3 About half my trips

4 Fewer than half my trips

5 None of my trips

6 I don't have a cell phone

C12. How often do you read texts, e-mails, or other messages while driving?

For this question, consider all methods of reading and listening to messages, including while holding the device, looking directly at a screen, or using any type of hands-free voice commands to have messages read aloud, such as with a headset or in-vehicle system or app.

1 All trips

2 Most trips

3 About half my trips

4 Fewer than half my trips

5 None of my trips

6 I don't have a cell phone

C13. In the past 30 days, how many times have you fallen asleep or nodded off, even for a moment, while driving?

1 Never in the past 30 days

2 Once

3 2 to 3 times

4 4 to 6 times

5 7 to 9 times

6 10 or more times

The next few questions ask about your personal experiences, which some people may find to be sensitive in nature. As a reminder, your answers will be kept anonymous. We encourage your honesty in responding to these questions.

C14. In the past 12 months, how often have you typically had a drink containing alcohol?

1 Every day, or almost every day

2 Several days a week

3 About once a week

4 Once or twice a month

5 Up to a few times a year

6 Never in the past 12 months → Go to question C15

C14a. In the past 12 months, how often have you driven a motor vehicle within two hours of drinking alcoholic beverages?

1 Every day, or almost every day

2 Several days a week

3 About once a week

4 Once or twice a month

5 Up to a few times a year

6 Never in the past 12 months

C15. Cannabis (or marijuana) is available in both recreational and medicinal forms and may be known by many other names (such as weed or pot). Cannabis is often smoked, vaped, or ingested through edibles (such as gummies). In the past 12 months, how often have you typically used cannabis?

For this question, we are not interested in CBD oil.

1 Every day, or almost every day

2 Several days a week

3 About once a week

4 Once or twice a month

5 Up to a few times a year

6 Never in the past 12 months → Go to question C16

C15a. In the past 12 months, how often have you driven a motor vehicle within four hours of using cannabis?

1 Every day, or almost every day

2 Several days a week

3 About once a week

4 Once or twice a month

5 Up to a few times a year

6 Never in the past 12 months

C16. In the past 12 months, have you driven a motor vehicle under the influence of…? Select all that apply.

1 Alcohol

2 Cannabis

3 Illegal drugs

4 Over-the-counter (OTC) drugs or medications that can cause impairment, such as drowsiness, dizziness, or blurred vision

5 Prescription drugs or medications that can cause impairment, such as drowsiness, dizziness, or blurred vision

6 Combination of any of the above items

7 None of these

C17. Counting cars, vans, minivans, SUVs, pickup trucks, and motorcycles, how many vehicles do you own, lease, or are otherwise available regularly for your use?

꙱꙱ Vehicles

C18. Which of the following best describes the vehicle that you drive most often?

If you drive more than one vehicle about the same amount and can't decide which of them you drive most often, then answer for which of those vehicles you drove last.

1 Personal vehicle owned/leased by me or someone in my household

2 Borrowed personal vehicle from a friend/family member

3 Vehicle provided by my employer

4 Vehicle from a rental car or shared car service such as Enterprise or ZipCar

5 Other

C19. Thinking about the vehicle that you drive most often, is it a…

1 Car or station wagon

2 Van or minivan

3 SUV (sport utility vehicle)

4 Pickup truck

→ Go to
question C20

5 Other truck (such as a box truck,
18-wheeler, flatbed truck)

6 Motorcycle

7 Other

C19a. Please provide the year, make, and model of the vehicle you just told us is the one you drive most often. Throughout this survey, we will refer to this vehicle as your primary vehicle.

꙱꙱꙱꙱ Year

꙱꙱꙱꙱꙱꙱꙱꙱꙱꙱꙱꙱ Make

꙱꙱꙱꙱꙱꙱꙱꙱꙱꙱꙱꙱ Model

C20. For how long have you driven this vehicle?

1 Less than 3 months

2 3 months to less than 6 months

3 6 months to less than a year

4 A year to less than 2 years

5 2 years to less than 5 years

6 5 years or more

C21. Have you been involved in a crash or near-crash as a driver in the past 12 months?

By "near-crash" we mean a time that you would have almost certainly gotten into a crash if you or another driver had not swerved, slammed on your brakes, or done something else out of the ordinary when driving to avoid the crash.

1 Crash

2 Near-crash

3 Both

4 Neither

C22. Which, if any, of the following best describes the type of license you have for driving?

1 Driver's license (non-commercial)

2 Commercial driver's license (CDL)

3 Motorcycle license

4 Non-commercial driver's license with "motorcycle" endorsement

5 Provisional or probationary license

6 Learner or instruction permit

7 Suspended or revoked license

8 None

9 Don’t know

C23. What is your primary mode of transportation? By primary, we mean the way you get around most often.

1 Driving a vehicle

2 Riding in a vehicle driven by someone else

3 Bus travel

4 Train travel

5 Riding a bicycle

6 Walking

7 Other

C24. How often do you use taxis, Uber, Lyft, or other rideshare services?

1 Every day, or almost every day

2 Several days a week

3 About once a week

4 Once or twice a month

5 Up to a few times a year

6 Never

DISTRACTED DRIVING

If you have driven in the past 12 months, please continue with question D1.

If you have not driven in the past 12 months, please skip to question D14.

In this section of the survey, as described earlier, items ask about activities you might do while driving. When we say while driving, please include any times that you are seated in the driver’s seat (behind the wheel of your vehicle) if it is not in Park. For example, while driving means both when the vehicle is moving and during times like stopped at a stop sign or red light.

D1. While driving your primary vehicle, how often do you use each of the following built-in features? Features may be used for activities such as calling/texting, navigation, music, or other activities. Please respond how often (from all to none of your trips) if your primary vehicle has this feature. If not, please select “My primary vehicle does not have this feature”.

While driving, how often do you use a…	All trips	Most trips	About half my trips	Fewer than half my trips	None of my trips	My primary vehicle does not have this feature
D1a. Built-in hands-free Bluetooth capability for connecting a phone
D1b. A navigation system built into the vehicle
D1c. Apple CarPlay or Android Auto for viewing smartphone apps on your car display
D1d. Built-in car radio
D1e. CD or tape player

→ If you never use a smartphone while driving or if you do not own a smartphone, skip to question D13

D2. Listed below are different types of portable electronic devices. For each one, we are interested in how often you use the device while driving. Please respond how often (from all to none of your trips) if you own that kind of device. If not, please select “I don't own this device”.

While driving, how often do you use a…	All trips	Most trips	About half my trips	Fewer than half my trips	None of my trips	I don’t own this device
D2a. Smartphone (with internet connectivity, such as an Android or iPhone)
D2b. Cell phone without internet (flip-phone or other simple style)
D2c. Tablet or e-reader, such as an iPad, Fire, or Kindle
D2d. Smartwatch, such as an Apple Watch or Fitbit
D2e. Bluetooth headset, headphones/earbuds, or other hands-free device for your phone (not built into the vehicle)

D3. Please consider any time you've used your phone while driving including making/receiving calls, texting or e-mailing, using smartphone apps, etc.

In the past 30 days, have you done any of the following with your phone while driving?

	Yes	No
D3a. Touched or picked up the phone
D3b. Looked down in your lap, to passenger seat, or cup holder to view phone screen
D3c. Unlocked phone using fingerprint, face, or passcode
D3d. Typed on car display to interact with a paired phone
D3e. Viewed information from a paired phone on car display for more than a moment

D4. Other than navigation apps, which types of smartphone apps do you typically use while driving?

Select all that apply. Include all types of apps used whether it is directly on your smartphone or with a feature such as Apple CarPlay or Android Auto to view the app on your car display.

1 Communications apps (such as social media, messaging, video calling, or e-mail)

2 Entertainment apps (such as music streaming, video streaming, or games)

3 Camera or photo apps

4 Productivity or utility apps (such as browser, calendar, news, or shopping)

5 Some other app(s)

6 I do not use any apps other than navigation apps while driving → Go to question D5

D4a. Other than navigation apps, how often do you use smartphone apps while driving?

1 All trips

2 Most trips

3 About half my trips

4 Fewer than half my trips

D5. How often do you have navigation apps through (or connected to) a smartphone turned on or in use while driving?

1 All trips

2 Most trips

3 About half my trips

4 Fewer than half my trips

5 None of my trips → Go to question D6

D5a. When you interact with a navigation app through (or connected to) a smartphone while driving, such as to make changes to your route or destination, do you most often…

1 Continue to drive while using the app

2 Pull over to a safe location (parking lot, driveway, side of road) to use the app

3 Hand the phone to a passenger to use the app

4 Use a Voice Command feature (speech dictation)

5 Wait until you reach a red light or stop sign to use the app

D6. When you write texts, e-mails, or other messages while driving, do you most often…

1 Continue to drive while completing the message

2 Pull over to a safe location (parking lot, driveway, side of road) to write the message

3 Hand the phone to a passenger to do your messaging

4 Use a Voice Command feature (speech dictation)

5 Wait until you reach a red light or stop sign to write the message

6 I do not write text messages or e-mail while driving

D7. When you make or receive calls while driving, do you most often…

1 Hold the phone in your hand

2 Squeeze the phone between your ear and shoulder

3 Use a hands-free headset or earpiece

4 Use a built-in-car system (built-in Bluetooth, Apple CarPlay)

5 Use the cell phone’s speakerphone feature

6 I do not make or answer calls while driving

D8. In which, if any, of the following situations would you never touch or pick up your phone while driving? This includes making/receiving calls, texting or e-mailing, using smartphone apps, etc. Select all that apply.

1 When moving (not at stop signs or red lights)

2 Fast moving traffic (freeway)

3 Bumper to bumper traffic

4 Bad weather

5 Driving in unfamiliar area/roads

6 Driving at nighttime

7 Marked school or construction zones

8 With other adult passengers in the car

9 With a baby or child on board

10 Winding/curving roads

11 When I see a police officer

12 Some other situation(s)

13 None of these

D9. Which, if any, of the following describe reasons that you are more likely to use your phone while driving? This includes making/receiving calls, texting or e-mailing, using smartphone apps, etc. Select all that apply.

1 How important I think the call, message, or alert is

2 It's work-related

3 I'm stopped at a red light or stop sign

4 It's personal or social

5 Urgent/emergency situation

6 I'll be using my phone for just a moment

7 Bluetooth, hands-free, or voice commands available

8 In need of directions or other information

9 Boredom (talking on, listening to music on, or using my phone gives me something to do while driving)

10 Traveling at a low speed

11 Good weather conditions

12 Tired (talking on, listening to music on, or using my phone keeps me awake)

13 Some other situation(s)

14 None of these

D10. Would you ever use an app or enable a feature on your phone to block calls and text messaging while driving?

1 Yes

2 No

3 Depends

4 Already have

D11. How, if at all, would you say your driving behavior is different when you are interacting with your phone? This includes making/receiving calls, texting or e-mailing, using smartphone apps, etc.

For this question, consider all methods of interacting with the phone, including while holding the device, using speakerphone, or using any type of hands-free voice commands, such as a headset or in-vehicle system or app. Select all that apply.

1 Drive slower

2 Drive faster

3 Drift out of the lane or roadway

4 Change lanes less frequently

5 Change lanes more frequently

6 Apply the brakes suddenly

7 Look in your mirrors or over your shoulder more frequently

8 Look in your mirrors or over your shoulder less frequently

9 Increase distance from lead vehicle

10 Follow lead vehicle more closely

11 Use turn signal less regularly

12 Use turn signal more regularly

13 Something else

14 There is no difference in my driving behavior when I am interacting with my phone

D12. Which, if any, of the following do you think would cause you to use your phone less often while driving? Select all that apply.

1 Getting or hearing about someone getting a ticket for using a cell phone while driving

2 New or stricter laws against cell phone use while driving

3 Higher fines for distracted driving tickets

4 Being in or seeing/hearing about a crash

5 Influence or pressure from others to stop using a cell phone while driving

6 Features on my cell phone that can limit usage (such as “do not disturb” or “auto-reply” texts) while driving

7 Hearing/seeing campaigns around distracted driving safety awareness

8 Something else

9 Nothing would cause me to use my cell phone less often while driving

D13. Below is a list of common activities people do while driving. For each activity, we are interested in how often you do each while driving.

How often do you…	All trips	Most trips	About half my trips	Fewer than half my trips	None of my trips
D13a. Talk or interact with passengers in the vehicle
D13b. Eat or drink
D13c. Reach for items elsewhere in the vehicle (passenger side or back seat)
D13d. Adjust settings on the vehicle dash or radio
D13e. Do personal grooming (comb hair or apply makeup)

D14. How dangerous do you feel the following driving behaviors are?

We are interested in your responses even if you do not engage in these activities.

	Extremely dangerous	Very dangerous	Moderately dangerous	Not very dangerous	Not dangerous at all
D14a. Holding and talking on a phone while driving
D14b. Holding and texting, e-mailing, or using apps on a phone while driving
D14c. Talking on a phone using hands-free technology (Bluetooth, CarPlay, Android Auto, etc.) while driving
D14d. Texting, e-mailing, or using apps on a phone using hands-free technology (Bluetooth, CarPlay, Android Auto, etc.) while driving

D15. How safe or unsafe would you feel if you were a passenger riding in a car while your driver was doing each of the following?

	Very unsafe	Somewhat unsafe	Somewhat safe	Very safe
D15a. Talking or interacting with other passengers in the vehicle
D15b. Eating or drinking
D15c. Talking on a phone while holding the phone
D15d. Reading text or e-mail messages
D15e. Interacting with a navigation system for driving directions
D15f. Using smartphone apps through a built-in system such as CarPlay or Android Auto

D16. How likely or unlikely are you to do or say something to your driver if they appear distracted by their phone while driving?

1 Very likely

2 Somewhat likely

3 Somewhat unlikely

4 Very unlikely

D17. Thinking about drivers in the US, about how many do you believe at least occasionally use their phone while driving? This could include making/receiving calls, texting or e-mailing, using smartphone apps, etc.

1 All or nearly all drivers

2 Most drivers

3 About half of drivers

4 Fewer than half of drivers

5 None or nearly no drivers

D18. Assume that you were stopped and fined for using your phone while driving.

After receiving the ticket, do you think you would…?

1 Use my phone less often while driving as a permanent change

2 Use my phone less often while driving for at least a year

3 Use my phone less often while driving for less than a year

4 Make no change

D19. To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statement?

Police in my community generally do not bother to write tickets for distracted driving violations, such as using a phone while driving.

1 Strongly agree

2 Somewhat agree

3 Somewhat disagree

4 Strongly disagree

D20. Does your state have a law that makes it illegal to text while driving?

1 Definitely yes

2 Probably yes

3 Probably not

4 Definitely not

5 Don't know

D21. Does your state have a law that makes it illegal to use a handheld cell phone while driving?

1 Definitely yes

2 Probably yes

3 Probably not

4 Definitely not

5 Don't know

D22. To what extent do you favor or oppose laws that make it illegal to text while driving?

1 Strongly favor

2 Somewhat favor

3 Somewhat oppose

4 Strongly oppose

D23. To what extent do you favor or oppose laws that make it illegal to use a handheld cell phone while driving?

1 Strongly favor

2 Somewhat favor

3 Somewhat oppose

4 Strongly oppose

D24. To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is at least as important for police to enforce distracted driving laws as it is for police to enforce other traffic laws.

1 Strongly agree

2 Somewhat agree

3 Somewhat disagree

4 Strongly disagree

D25. Have you read, seen, or heard any messages that encourage people not to talk on phones, send text or e-mails, or use smartphone apps while driving? This could be public service announcements on TV, signs on the road, news stories, on social media, or something else.

1 Yes, in the past 30 days

2 Yes, but longer ago than 30 days

3 No, never

D26. There are phone apps or features available to block phone calls and text messaging while driving. Before this survey, had you ever heard of this?

1 Yes

2 No

TRAFFIC SAFETY ATTITUDES

If you have driven in the past 12 months, please continue with question A1.

If you have not driven in the past 12 months, please skip to question A6.

A1. Have you ever been stopped by police for any of the following traffic safety reasons while driving? Select all that apply.

1 Speeding

2 Aggressive or reckless driving

3 Drunk or impaired driving

4 Seat belt violation

5 Illegal turn or improper lane change

6 Stop sign or red light violation

7 Distracted driving, such as using a cell phone while driving

8 Some other reason (please describe)

9 I have never been stopped by police for any traffic safety reason while driving → Go to question A2

A1a. In the past 12 months, how many times have you been stopped by police for a traffic safety reason while driving?

1 None

2 Once

3 2 to 3 times

4 4 to 6 times

5 7 to 9 times

6 10 or more times

A1b. When you were stopped by police in the past 12 months, did you receive a ticket for any traffic safety violation?

1 Yes

1 No → Go to question A2

A1c. How many?

꙱꙱ Tickets

A2. In the past 12 months, have you received a ticket in the mail for any traffic safety violation identified by camera (such as an automated speed camera or red light camera)?

1 Yes

2 No → Go to question A3

A2a. How many?

꙱꙱ Tickets

A3. At each of the following times, do you believe you are more likely, less likely, or just as likely to get a ticket for a traffic safety violation?

	More likely	Less likely	Just as likely
A3a. On or around holidays
A3b. During large events, such as sporting events or concerts
A3c. At night
A3d. Early in the morning
A3e. During rush hour
A3f. During bad weather, such as rain or snow

A4. Assume that you were stopped and fined for speeding.

After receiving the ticket, do you think you would…?

1 Speed less often as a permanent change

2 Speed less often for at least a year

3 Speed less often for less than a year

4 Make no change

A5. Compared to before the COVID-19 pandemic (March 2020), do you think you are more likely to be stopped by law enforcement, less likely to be stopped by law enforcement, or is it about the same? Please be thinking about your likelihood of being stopped on any given day that you drive.

1 More likely

2 Less likely

3 About the same

A6. Thinking about drivers in the US, about how many do you believe have ever been stopped by the police for a traffic safety reason while driving?

1 All or nearly all drivers

2 Most drivers

3 About half of drivers

4 Fewer than half of drivers

5 None or nearly no drivers

A7. Thinking about drivers in the US, about how many do you believe at least occasionally drive more than 10 mph over the speed limit?

1 All or nearly all drivers

2 Most drivers

3 About half of drivers

4 Fewer than half of drivers

5 None or nearly no drivers

A8. Thinking about drivers in the US, about how many do you believe at least occasionally drive a vehicle when they think they've consumed too much alcohol to drive safely?

1 All or nearly all drivers

2 Most drivers

3 About half of drivers

4 Fewer than half of drivers

5 None or nearly no drivers

A9. Thinking about drivers in the US, about how many do you believe would agree to the following statement: Everyone should obey the speed limit because it's the law.

1 All or nearly all drivers

2 Most drivers

3 About half of drivers

4 Fewer than half of drivers

5 None or nearly no drivers

A10. Thinking about drivers in the US, about how many do you believe would agree to the following statement: Driving over the speed limit is not dangerous for skilled drivers.

1 All or nearly all drivers

2 Most drivers

3 About half of drivers

4 Fewer than half of drivers

5 None or nearly no drivers

A11. Thinking about drivers in the US, about how many do you believe would agree to the following statement: There is no excuse for driving while impaired by alcohol.

1 All or nearly all drivers

2 Most drivers

3 About half of drivers

4 Fewer than half of drivers

5 None or nearly no drivers

A12. Thinking about drivers in the US, about how many do you believe would agree to the following statement: It's okay to drive after a drink or two if you do not feel intoxicated.

1 All or nearly all drivers

2 Most drivers

3 About half of drivers

4 Fewer than half of drivers

5 None or nearly no drivers

A13. To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statement? All drivers, regardless of demographic or personal characteristics, are equally likely to be stopped by law enforcement if they commit the same traffic safety violation.

1 Strongly agree

2 Somewhat agree

3 Somewhat disagree

4 Strongly disagree

A14. How dangerous do you feel the following driving behaviors are?

We are interested in your responses even if you do not engage in these activities.

	Extremely dangerous	Very dangerous	Moderately dangerous	Not very dangerous	Not dangerous at all
A14a. Speeding 15 mph over the speed limit on interstates, freeways, or other highways
A14b. Speeding 10 mph over the speed limit on residential streets (neighborhood)
A14c. Driving through a light that had just turned red if I could have stopped safely
A14d. Driving aggressively (switching lanes quickly, driving very closely behind another car)
A14e. Driving if I am so tired that I have a hard time keeping my eyes open
A14f. Driving after drinking enough alcohol that I may be over the legal limit
A14g. Riding in a car driven by someone who has had too much alcohol
A14h. Driving when impaired by marijuana
A14i. Driving while texting, e-mailing, or using apps on a handheld phone
A14j. Driving without wearing a seat belt

A15. How much do you believe people who are important to you, such as friends or family members, would approve or disapprove of each of the following behaviors?

	Completely approve	Somewhat approve	Somewhat disapprove	Completely disapprove
A15a. Driving without wearing a seat belt
A15b. Driving while texting, e-mailing, or using apps on a handheld phone
A15c. Speeding 15 mph over the speed limit on interstates, freeways, or other highways
A15d. Speeding 10 mph over the speed limit on residential streets (neighborhood)
A15e. Driving aggressively (switching lanes quickly, driving very closely behind another car)
A15f. Driving after drinking enough alcohol that I may be over the legal limit
A15g. Riding in a car driven by someone who has had too much alcohol
A15h. Driving when impaired by marijuana

A16. Assume that you regularly engage in each of the following behaviors over the next six months. For each one, how likely or unlikely do you think you will be to receive a ticket or be stopped by the police?

	Very likely	Somewhat likely	Somewhat unlikely	Very unlikely	This is not against the law where I live
A16a. Driving without wearing a seat belt
A16b. Driving while texting, e-mailing, or using apps on a handheld phone
A16c. Speeding 15 mph over the speed limit on interstates, freeways, or other highways
A16d. Speeding 10 mph over the speed limit on residential streets (neighborhood)
A16e. Driving aggressively (switching lanes quickly, driving very closely behind another car)
A16f. Driving after drinking enough alcohol that I may be over the legal limit
A16g. Driving when impaired by marijuana

A17. How would you feel about using the following measures in your community…

	Good idea	Neither a good idea nor a bad idea	Bad idea
A17a. Roadside checkpoints for drunk or impaired drivers
A17b. Increased use of red light cameras at intersections
A17c. Road design changes, like speed humps and traffic circles, to slow down traffic
A17d. Electronic signs by the road that display the speed of the driver
A17e. Increased use of automated speed cameras
A17f. Digital speed signs that change the speed limit on a section of road based on traffic or weather conditions

Before we wrap up the survey, we have a few additional background questions about you.

C25. How old are you?

꙱꙱꙱ Years old

C26. Are you:

Select all that apply.

1 Female

2 Male

3 Transgender, non-binary, or another gender

C27. In order to better understand driver and rider characteristics, we'd like to ask you about your height and weight.

About how tall are you without shoes?

꙱ Feet ꙱꙱ Inches

C28. What is your weight?

꙱꙱꙱ Pounds

C29. What is your race and/or ethnicity? Select all that apply.

1 American Indian or Alaska Native

2 Asian

3 Black or African American

4 Hispanic or Latino

5 Middle Eastern or North African

6 Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander

7 White

C30. Are you currently married, widowed, divorced, separated, or have you never been married?

1 Married

2 Widowed

3 Divorced

4 Separated

5 Never married

C31. Do you own or rent your home?

1 Own

2 Rent

3 Some other arrangement

C32. What is the highest degree or level of school you have completed?

1 Did not start high school

2 Some high school

3 High school diploma

4 GED or alternative credential

5 Some college with no degree

6 Two-year or Associate's degree

7 Four-year or Bachelor's degree

8 Some graduate school with no degree

9 Graduate or professional degree

C33. Which of the following categories best describes your total household income before taxes in 2024? Your best estimate is fine.

1 Less than $15,000

2 $15,000 to $24,999

3 $25,000 to $34,999

4 $35,000 to $49,999

5 $50,000 to $74,999

6 $75,000 to $99,999

7 $100,000 to $149,999

8 $150,000 to $199,999

9 $200,000 or more

C34. Including yourself, how many adults aged 18 and older live in your household?

꙱꙱ Adults

C35. Which, if any, of the following aged children live in your household? Select all that apply.

1 Under 1 year old

2 1 or 2 years old

3 3, 4 or 5 years old

4 6, 7 or 8 years old

5 9, 10, 11 or 12 years old

6 13, 14 or 15 years old

7 16 or 17 years old

8 No children in my household

C36. What is your current employment status?

1 Working as a paid employee, full-time

2 Working as a paid employee, part-time

3 Not working and looking for work

4 Not working, retired

5 Not working due to disability

6 Not working, homemaker

7 Not working for any other reason