Child Interview

Overview of NSCAW Child Instrument
Module	CAPI Section	Construct	Measure	Author / Publisher	Child Age	Waves	Information Gathered
Child Household	CH	Child characteristics	Project-developed questions	N/A	All1	1, 2	Child’s demographic information, and height, weight, and head circumference for children < 4
Cognitive Status	KB	Developmental / Cognitive status	Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test (K-BIT): Expressive Vocabulary, Definitions, and Matrices	Kaufman & Kaufman, American Guidance Service, Inc. (1990)	>4	First Wave for CH	Standardized assessment tool comprised of two subsets: Vocabulary (expressive vocabulary and definitions) & Matrices (ability to perceive relationships & complete analogies). Not administered for Spanish-language interviews.
Cognitive Status	BD	Developmental / Cognitive status	Battelle Developmental Inventory (BDI) & Screening Test, Second Edition: Cognitive Skills	Newborg (2005)	<4	1, 2	Cognitive skills; administered to age 4 and older if K-BIT score = 0
Neurodevelopmental Impairment	NI	Developmental / Cognitive status	Bayley Infant Neurodevelopmental Screener (BINS)	Aylward (1995)	<2	1, 2	Basic brain function, ability to comprehend and express, and intellectual processes
Communication	CO	Communication skills	Preschool Language Scales-3 (PLS-3)	Zimmerman, Steiner, & Pond, The Psychological Corporation (1992)	<6	1, 2	Standardized assessment tool comprised of two scales: expressive communication and auditory comprehension; total language score computed
School Achievement	WJ	Academic achievement	Woodcock-Johnson III Tests of Achievement (WJ-III) Children 11 and older: Letter-Word Identification Applied Problems Children under age 11: Letter-Word Identification Applied Problems Passage Comprehension	Richard W. Woodcock, Kevin McGrew and Nancy Mather, Riverside Publishing (2004)	>5, YA, EY	1, 2	Standardized test of academic achievement; four subtests used: Letter-Word Comprehension, Passage Comprehension, Calculation, and Applied Problems. Not administered for Spanish-language interviews.
Community Environment	CN	Neighborhood factors	Adapted from APhiladelphia Family Management Study@ Parent Interview Schedule	Furstenburg, F. (1990)	YA, EY	1, 2	Behavior of young adults in terms of the environment of their community; items mirror Community Environment module in Current Caregiver Instrument
School Engagement	SE	School engagement	Drug Free Schools (DFSCA) Outcome Study Questions	U.S. Department of Education: Office of the Under Secretary	>6	1, 2	School achievement; student’s disposition toward learning and school; administered only to children in school (excludes home schooled situations)
Relationship with Peers	RP	Peer relationships, including social rejection	Loneliness and Social Dissatisfaction Questionnaire for Young Children	Asher, S. and Wheeler, V. (1985)	5-7	1, 2	Success in making and keeping friendships; school adjustment; administered only to children in school (excludes home schooled situations)

Overview of NSCAW Child Instrument (Continued)
Module	CAPI Section	Construct	Measure	Author / Publisher	Child Age	Waves	Information Gathered
Relationship with Peers	RR	Peer relationships, including social rejection	Loneliness and Social Dissatisfaction Questionnaire for Young Children	Asher, S. and Wheeler, V. (1985)	>8	1, 2	Success in making and keeping friendships; school adjustment; administered only to children in school (excludes home schooled situations)
Protective Factors	PF	Protective factors	Resiliency Scale - LongSCAN	Runyan, Curtis, Hunter, Black, Kotch, Bangdiwala, Dubowitz, English, Everson, Landsverk (1997)	>11; YA, EY	1, 2	Resources that a child has that facilitate resiliency
Parental Monitoring	PM	Behavioral Monitoring	Supervision-Child Scale from Fast Track Project	Conduct Problems Prevention Research Group (1994)	>10	1, 2	Extent to which the caregiver monitors the child’s activities
Independent Living	IP	Independent living	Project-developed questions	N/A	>14, YA, EY	1, 2	Life skills the youth may have developed and where he/she learned the skill
Questions for Children in Out-of-Home	OH	Child in out-of-home care; Perceptions of Permanency, Disruptions, Contact with Family	University of California at Berkeley Foster Care Study	Fox, Frasch, & Berrick (2000)	>6	1, 2	Adjustment of children in out-of-home placement, including concerns about how well they fit in with their foster family and how permanent they view the placement
Family Contact for Adopted and Emancipated Youth	AO	Perceptions of Permanency, Disruptions, Contact with Family	University of California at Berkeley Foster Care Study	Fox, Frasch, & Berrick (2000)	>6	1, 2	Adjustment of adopted and emancipated youth, including concerns about how well they fit in with their adoptive family (if applicable) and contact with biological family
Satisfaction with Caseworker Services	SW	Satisfaction with Caseworker services	Project developed satisfaction questions	N/A	>11	1, 2	Degree of satisfaction with caseworker services
Future Expectations	FE	Future expectations	Adapted from Expectations About Employment, Education, and Life Span Section from Adolescent Health Survey	Bearman, Jones, and Udry (1997)Carolina Population Center, University of NC-Chapel Hill (1998)	>10	1, 2	Expectations related to children’s life experiences
Social Support	SU	Social support and other family resources, including assistance with child-rearing	Adapted from Duke-UNC Functional Social Support Questionnaire.	Broadhead, Gehlbach, deGruy, and Kaplan (1988)	YA, EY	1, 2	Perceived social support for emancipated youth; items mirror Social Support module in Current Caregiver Instrument
Physical Health	PE	Physical health	Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12 SLAITS The National Survey of Children with Special Health Care Needs II	Ware, Kosinski & Keller (1998) Blumberg, Olson, et al. (2003)	YA, EY	1, 2	Physical health status of emancipated youth; items mirror Physical Health module in Current Caregiver Instrument
Child Health and Services	YH	Health and disabilities Services received by young adult	Child and Adolescent Services Assessment (CASA); Child Health Questionnaire from National Evaluation of Family Support Programs; Brief Global Health Inventory; Questionnaire for Identifying Children with Chronic Conditions – Revised (QuICCC-R) and project developed questions on services	Burns, Angold, Magruder-Habib, Costello, & Patrick (1996) Stein, Bauman, and Silver (2001)	YA, EY	1, 2	History of health, injury, and disability status of young adult; services received by the young adult
Depression	CD	Mental health	Children=s Depression Inventory	Kovacs, Multi-Health Systems, Inc. (1992)	>7	1, 2	All aspects of well-being, including behavior problems. Not administered for Spanish-language interviews.
Depression	YD	Mental Health - Depression	Composite International Diagnostic Interview Short-Form (CIDI-SF) - module for depression Modified from National Comorbidity Survey (NCS)	Kessler, Andrews, Mroczek, Ustun, & Wittchen ( 1998) Kessler (2000)	YA, EY	1, 2	Young Adult’s experiences that indicate symptoms of depression

Overview of NSCAW Child Instrument (Continued)

Module	CAPI Section	Construct	Measure	Author / Publisher	Child Age	Waves	Information Gathered
Trauma	TR	Mental health	Adapted from Trauma Symptom Checklist for Children - PTSD Section; Adapted from Trauma Symptom Checklist for Adults – Intrusive Experiences and Dissociation	Briere (1996)	>8, YA, EY	1, 2	Indicators of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder
Youth Activities	YA	Participation in activities	Youth Self Report - Social Competence Scale	Achenbach, University Associates in Psychiatry; Burlington, VT (2001)	>11	1, 2	Involvement in activities which may promote social skills or cognitive development
Youth Behavior	YB	Behavior problems	Youth Self Report - Syndrome and Total Problems Scale; Adult Self Report - Syndrome and Total Problems Scale	Achenbach, University Associates in Psychiatry; Burlington, VT (2000); Achenbach, University Associates in Psychiatry; Burlington, VT (1991)	>11; YA, EY	1, 2	Magnitude of aggressive behavior and impulse control
Employment – Resources to Live	ER	Employment History and Economic Well-being	Questions are project-developed and from the Three State Survey, the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY97) the Current Population Survey (CPS) and the Precarious Families Study		YA, EY	1, 2	Formal and informal work history of the young adult
Income	YI	Income	Project-developed questions	N/A	YA, EY	1, 2	Financial resources available to the young adult’s household
ACASI Introduction	AC	N/A	Project-developed practice questions	N/A	>11	1, 2	N/A
Relationship with Caregiver(s) (ACASI)	RC	Relationship with parents and other significant adults	Rochester Assessment Package for Schools (RAPS)	James P. Connell (1990)Lynch, M & Cicchetti D. 1991	>11	1, 2	Degree of supportive relationships between child and adult
Closeness to Caregiver(s) (ACASI)	CL	Relationship with parents and other significant adults	National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, In-Home questionnaire	Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (2002)	>11	1, 2	Degree of supportive relationships between child and adult
Exposure to Violence (ACASI)	EV	Loss, violence and other stressors in and out of the home	Violence Exposure Scale (VEX-R) - Home Set	Fox & Leavitt (1995)	>8	1, 2	Violence observed and experienced in the home
Services Received (ACASI)	SV	Services received	Project-developed questions	N/A	>11	1, 2	Factors that affect the service provision process; includes items administered only at Wave 4 for emancipated youth
Substance Abuse (ACASI)	SA	Substance abuse	Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS); The CRAFFT; The National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health	CDC (2005); Knight, Sherritt, Shrier, Harris, Chang (2002); Harris, Florey, Tabor, Bearman, Jones, and Udry (2003)	>11	1, 2	Misuse of controlled substances as associated with depression and maltreatment
Sexual Activity (ACASI)	SX	Sexual behavior	LongSCAN	Runyan, Curtis, Hunter, Black, Kotch, Bangdiwala, Dubowitz, English, Everson, Landsverk (1997)	>11; YA, EY	1, 2	Early sexual activity
Delinquency (ACASI)	DE	Delinquency	Modified Self Report of Delinquency; Denver Youth Survey	Elliott and Ageton (1980); Elliott and Ageton (1995)	>11; YA, EY	1, 2	Participation in delinquent or criminal activities; includes items added at Wave 4 on reasons for recent arrests
Deviant Peer Affiliation (ACASI)	PA	Deviant peer affiliation	Deviant Peer Affiliation Scale	Capaldi and Patterson (1989)	>11	1, 2	Involvement with peers who engage in risky or deviant behaviors
Injuries (ACASI)	IJ	Maltreatment	Injury Questions from Child Health and Illness Profile-Adolescent Edition	Starfield, Riley, Green Ensminger, Ryan, Kelleher, Kim-Harris, Johnson Crawford (1995)	>11; YA, EY	1, 2	Nature and extent of injuries in the past 12 months

Overview of NSCAW Child Instrument (Continued)

Module	CAPI Section	Construct	Measure	Author / Publisher	Child Age	Waves	Information Gathered
Victimization (ACASI)	VC	Victimization	Incidence and Prevalence of Drug Abuse Among Runaway and Homeless Youth Study – Shelter Sample Questionnaire	Research Triangle Institute (2002)	YA, EY	1, 2	Youth=s victimization, including things that may have happened to the youth since he/she started living on own (e.g., robbery sexual assault). We are not asking VC1-VC6a that came from the CH version of Victimization.
Involvement with the Law (ACASI)	YL	Criminal Involvement of Parents	Project-developed questions	N/A	YA , EY	1, 2	Young adult criminal history and involvement with the criminal justice system
Discipline and Child Maltreatment (ACASI)	YM	Behavioral Monitoring and Discipline	Parent-Child Conflict Tactics Scale (CTSPC) with Neglect and Substance Abuse questions added	Straus, Hamby, Finkelhor, Moore, & Runyon (1998)	YA , EY	1, 2	Methods and frequency of discipline measures used by the young adult on their own child during the last 12 months; administered only to young adults who report having children of own who currently live with them
Domestic Violence (ACASI)	YV	Domestic Violence in the Home	Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS2) – Physical Assault Subscale	Straus, M.A. (1990)	YA , EY	1, 2	Type and frequency of violence occurring in the home and directed toward female young adult in the last 12 months, and subsequent use of services
Child Maltreatment (ACASI)	CM	Maltreatment	Adaption of Parent-Child Conflict Tactics Scale	Straus, M.A., Hamby, S.L., Finkelhor, D., Moore, D.W., & Runyan, D (1998)	>11	1, 2	Additional maltreatment information in order to better understand the effects of the severity and specific type of abuse
ACASI Finish	AF	N/A	Project-developed script to close ACASI module	N/A	>11, YA, EY	1, 2	N/A
Locator Form	LO	N/A	Project-developed questions to track respondent for future interview waves	N/A	≥16, EY	1, 2	Locator information for emancipated youth and up to 3 contact persons
Data Linkage	LK	N/A	Project-developed script requesting permission for researchers to link NSCAW data to data from other sources	N/A	>13, EY	1, 2	N/A
Verifications	VO	N/A	Project-developed script informing respondent of potential recontact for interview QC purposes	N/A	YA, EY	1, 2	N/A
Child Interview Close	CC	N/A	Project-developed end-of-interview script	N/A	All	1, 2	N/A

1Child household information was provided by caregivers for very young children.

Note: “YA” and “EY” stand for Young Adults and Emancipated Youth, respectively. At the follow-up wave, a subset of the sampled children will have “aged up” to adulthood (age 18 and older). At both waves, we expect to encounter youth who are legally emancipated from their parents.

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